2023年考研終于結束了，2023考研英語二真題也已經公布了，正在復習備考的同學可以看看歷年考研英語二的真題，了解考試題型，分析出題重難點和考試內容，做好復習規(guī)劃，那么2023年考研英語二真題是怎樣的呢？小編已經整理好了2023年考研英語二真題，希望能給備考的同學一些參考。
SectionⅠUse of English
Here’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today:you’re the CEO of a small business and though you're making a nice 1,you need to find a way to take it to the next level.what you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team.A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company,and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.
Let's look at a real-world 4.Prior to forming a growth team,the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees.Working in the 5 departments of engineering,marketing and product development.This brought them good results until 2012,when their growth plateaued.The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic,free version of their product.And 7 improvements to the premium,paid version,few people were making the upgrade.
Things changed,8,when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard,9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed.By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view,it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue.Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.
Armed with this 12,the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version.14,upgrades skyrocketed,and revenue increased by 92 percent.
But in order for your growth,team to succeed,it needs to a have a strong leader.It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement.
This leader will 16 the target area,set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals.This growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractions.19 attractive,new ideas can be distracting,the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.
1.A.purchase B.profit C.connection D.bet
2.A.define B.predict C.prioritize D.appreciate
3.A.exclusively B.temporarily C.potentially D.initially
4.A.experiment B.proposal C.debate D.example
5.A.identical B.marginal C.provisional D.traditional
6.A.rumor B.secret C.myth D.problem
7.A.despite B.unlike C.through D.besides
8.A.moreover B.however C.therefore D.again
9.A.inspected B.created C.expanded D.reformed
10.A.cultural B.objective C.fresh D.personal
11.A.end B.burden C.lack D.decrease
12.A.policy B.suggestion C.purpose D.insight
13.A.contributing B.allocating C.promoting D.transferring
14.A.As a result B.At any rate C.By the way D.In a sense
15.A.unite B.finance C.follow D.choose
16.A.share B.identify C.divide D.broaden
17.A.announcement B.assessment C.adjustment D.accomplishment
18.A.famous B.responsible C.available D.respectable
19.A.Before B.Once C.While D.Unless
20.A.serve B.limit C.summarize D.alter
SectionⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
21.The RHS thinks that plastic grass_____
A.is harmful to the environment
B.is a hot topic in gardening circles
C.is overpraised in the annual show
D.is ruining the view of West London
【21】A.is harmful to the environment解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問RHS對于plastic grass塑料草的看法。通過RHS和plastic grass定位，鎖定句子“The Royal Horticultural Society(RHS),which runs the annual show in west London,says it has introduced the ban because of the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity.”核心句意“由于塑料草對環(huán)境和生物多樣性造成的破壞，RHS出臺了這項禁令。”文章中because of the damage plastic grass does to the environment and biodiversity.對應A選項is harmful to the environment。damage和harmful為同義改寫。
22.The petitions mentioned in Paragraph 3 revealed the campaigners’
A.disappointment with the RHS
B.resistance to fake grass use
C.anger over the proposed tax
D.concern about real grass supply
【22】B.resistance to fake grass use解析：該題為細節(jié)題，通過題干petitions(請愿書)和campaigners(運動領導者)進行定位。通過campaigners所在句子“The RHS’s decision comes as campaigners try to raise awareness of the problems fake grass causes.”得知，campaigners試圖提高人們對假草造成的問題的認識。下文petitions所在句子，詳細說明提升對假草問題的具體方式：It is trying to encourage people to sign two petitions,one calling for a ban on the sale of plastic grass and another calling for an“ecological damage”tax on such lawns.即“呼吁禁止銷售塑料草，和呼吁對此類草坪征收“生態(tài)破壞”稅”。只有B選項resistance to fake grass use(對假草使用的抵制)，對定位句進行了同義改寫。
23.In Paragraph 4,supporters of fake grass point out______
A.the necessity to lower the costs of fake grass
B.the disadvantages of growing real grass
C.the way to take care of artificial lawns
D.the challenges of insect habitat protection
【23】B.the disadvantages of growing real grass解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問假草支持者的觀點態(tài)度。通過第4段內容可概括出“天然草坪也會對環(huán)境造成影響，并且真正的草需要大量的水、除草劑或其他處理。”只有B選項the disadvantages of growing real grass(種植真草的缺點),是對文章的同義概括。
24.What would the government do with regard to artificial grass?
A.Urge legislation to restrict its use
B.Take measures to guarantee its quality
C.Remind its users to obey existing rules.
D.Replace it with sustainable alternatives.
【24】C.Remind its users to obey existing rules.解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問“政府會如何處理人造草?”通過government和artificial grass定位，從文章中得知“政府沒有計劃禁止使用人造草，并且人工草地的使用必須遵守現(xiàn)有的法律和政策保障措施。文章中的comply with the legal and policy(遵守法律和政策)與B選項Remind its users to obey existing rules.(提醒用戶遵守現(xiàn)有規(guī)則。)是同義改寫。
25.It can be learned from the text that fake grass____
A.is being improved continuously
B.has seen a market share decline
C.is becoming increasing affordable
D.has been a controversial product
【25】D.has been a controversial product.解析：該題為主旨題，問通過文章可以得出什么關于假草的結論。本題考查對文章主旨和段落大意的把握。文章闡述了RHS，假草支持者，和政府對于假草的不同態(tài)度，其中RHS禁止假草的使用，而政府表明沒有禁止計劃。各方觀點明確并闡述了理由。因為文章是圍繞fake grass展開爭議，因為答案是D，是“有爭議性的產品”。
Text 2
26.What problem are US national parks faced with?
A.Decline of business profits.
B.Inadequate commercialization.
C.Lack of transportation services.
D.Poorly maintained infrastructure.
【26】D Poorly maintained infrastructure.解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問美國國家公園面臨著什么問題，根據(jù)problem,US national parks回到原文定位，文中提到：“美國國家公園正處于危機之中。他們總共有超過120億美元的維護費用積壓下來沒有撥款。”(U.S.national parks are in crisis.Collectively,they have a maintenance backlog of more than$12 billion.)所以美國國家公園面臨著維護缺錢的問題，即基礎設施維護不良。
27.Increased privatization of the campgrounds may.
A.spoil visitor experience B.help preserve nature
C.bring operational pressure D.boost visits to parks
【27】A.spoil visitor experience解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問增加露營地的私有化可能會如何，根據(jù)關鍵詞privatization，the campgrounds回到原文定位，文中提到：“增加私有化肯定會削弱每年3億游客來公園的主要原因之一:享受自然，從淹沒日常生活的商業(yè)鼓聲中得到喘息。”(increased privatization would certainly undercut one of the major reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year:to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily life.)所以增加露營地的私有化可能會讓游客仍然受到商業(yè)的影響，不能更好地享受自然，即破壞游客體驗。
28.According to Paragraph 5,most respondents in the survey would
A.go to the national parks on a regular basis.
B.advocate a bigger budget for the national parks.
C.agree to pay extra for the national parks.
D.support the national parks’recent reforms.
【28】C.agree to pay extra for the national parks.解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問調查中的大多數(shù)受訪者會如何，根據(jù)關鍵詞respondents，the survey回到原文定位，文中提到：“約81%的受訪者表示，他們愿意在未來10年繳納額外的稅款，以避免任何削減國家公園的開支。”(Some 81%of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.)所以調查中的大多數(shù)受訪者會愿意額外繳納稅款，即同意為國家公園支付額外的費用。
29.The national parks are valuable in that they
A.lead the way in tourism.B.have historical significance.
C.sponsor research on climate D.provide an income for the locals.
【29】B.have historical significance.解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問國家公園很有價值因為它們怎么樣，根據(jù)關鍵詞the national parks，valuable回到原文中定位，文中提到，這些公園還有助于讓美國的歷史充滿活力，與全國數(shù)千個地方司法機構合作，保護包括埃利斯島和葛底斯堡在內的歷史遺跡，并讓這些地方的故事變得生動起來。”(The parks also help keep America’s past alive,working with thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect historical sites—including Ellis Island and Gettysburg—and to bring the stories of these places to life.)所以國家公園很有價值因為它們有助于讓美國的歷史充滿活力，保護歷史遺跡，即有歷史意義。
30.It can be concluded from the text that the national park system
A.is able to cope with staff shortage.
B.is able to meet visitor’s demands.
C.is in need of a new price policy.
D.is in need of a funding increase.
【30】D.is in need of a funding increase.解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問國家公園體系如何，根據(jù)關鍵詞the national park system回到原文中定位，文中提到：“國會每年只給國家公園系統(tǒng)撥款30億美元——這一數(shù)額自2001年以來一直沒有變化(以通貨膨脹調整后的美元計算)，除了2009年作為奧巴馬刺激計劃一部分的一次增加。與此同時，自1980年以來，每年的游客數(shù)量增長了50%以上，現(xiàn)在每年達到3.3億人次。”(Congress allocates only$3 billion a year to the national park system—an amount that has been flat since 2001(in inflation-adjusted dollars)with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus package.Meanwhile,the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50%since 1980,and now stands at 330 million visitors per year.)可以得知，國家公園體系得到的撥款每年基本上保持不變，然而參觀公園的游客再增長，所以國家公園體系需要撥款資金的增加。
Text 3
31.Sparrow’s study show that with the Internet,the human brain will____
A.analyze information in detail
B.collect information efficiently
C.switch its focus of memory
D.extend its memory duration
【31】C.switch its focus of memory解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問Sparrow的研究表明在互聯(lián)網時代，人類大腦會怎樣。通過Sparrow定位，最終鎖定第一段最后一句，即對研究結論的表“human memory is not deteriorating but"adapting to new communications technology,"人類的記憶并沒有退化，而是“適應新的通信技術”。CD選項都提到了memory,C是轉換大腦記憶焦點，D是延長大腦記憶時間。文章中的“適應新的通信技術”對應C選項“轉換焦點。”，因此答案是C。
32.The process of“cognitive offloading”_______
A.helps us identify false information
B.keeps our memory from failing
C.enables us to classify trivial facts
D.lessens our memory burdens
【32】D.lessens our memory burdens解析：該題為細節(jié)題，通過cognitive offloading定位。文章描述“互聯(lián)網正在成為我們記憶的外部硬盤，這一過程被稱為“cognitive offloading”。傳統(tǒng)上，這一角色是由數(shù)據(jù)庫、圖書館和其他人類完成的。例如，你的父親可能永遠不會記得生日，因為你的母親會記得。”即cognitive offloading可以幫助儲存部分記憶，即對應D選項“減輕我們的記憶負擔”。
33.Which of the following would Sparrows support about the Internet?
A.It may reform our learning approach
B.It may impact our society negatively
C.It may enhance our adaptability to technology
D.It may interfere with our conceptual thinking
【33】A.It may reform our learning approach解析：該題為細節(jié)題，通過Sparrows進行定位，本句話表明了Sparrows的觀點：“the trend will change our approach to learning from a focus on individual facts and memorization to an emphasis on more conceptual thinking”“也許，她建議，這一趨勢將改變我們的學習方式，從關注個人事實和記憶轉變，變?yōu)殛P注更多的概念思維”。A選項It may reform our learning approach(它可能會改變我們的學習方式)是對文章的同義改寫。
34.It is indicated in Paragraph 3 that how the Internet affects our brains_____
A.requires further academic research
B.is most studied in older adults
C.is reflected in our reading speed
D.depends on our web-surfing habits
【34】A.requires further academic research解析：該題為推斷題。段首句明確表示“還有其他專家表示，現(xiàn)在了解互聯(lián)網如何影響我們的大腦還為時過早。”。A選項“需要進一步的學術研究”是對文章的同義改寫。
35.Neither Sparrows nor Storm would agree that______
A.our reliance on the Internet will be costly
B.the Internet is weakening our memory
C.memory exercise is a must for our brains
D.our ability to fucus declines with age
【35】B.the Internet is weakening our memory解析：該題為觀點對比，問Sparrows和Storm都不會同意什么。Sparrows認為互聯(lián)網可以改變我們的學習方式，Storm在文章最后一段表明觀點。"There may be costs associated with our increased reliance on the Internet,but I'd have to imagine that overall the benefits are going to outweigh those costs,"“我們對互聯(lián)網的依賴增加可能會帶來一些成本，但我不得不想象，總的來說，收益將超過這些成本。”，因為Storm也支持互聯(lián)網。即兩人都沒有認為互聯(lián)網有害，對應B選項the Internet is weakening our memory，即都不會認為互聯(lián)網正在削弱我們的記憶。
Text 4
36.According to Paragraph 1,children growing into adolescence tend to.
A.develop opposite personality traits.
B.see the world in an unreasonable way.
C.have fond memories of their past.
D.show affection for their parents.
【36】A.develop opposite personality traits.解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問進入青春期的孩子往往會如何，根據(jù)關鍵詞children，adolescence回到原文中定位，文中提到：“在青春期，無助和依賴成年人的孩子成為獨立的人，他們可以照顧自己，互相幫助。與此同時，曾經快樂順從的孩子變成了叛逆的冒險家，往往到了自我毀滅的地步。(In adolescence,helpless and dependent children who have relied on grown-ups for just about everything become independent people who can take care of themselves and help each other.At the same time,once cheerful and compliant children become rebellious teenage risk-takers,often to the point of self-destruction.)所以進入青春期的孩子往往發(fā)展出相反的人格特征。
37.It can be learned form Paragraph 2 that Crone’s study
A.explores teenagers’social responsibilities.
B.examines teenagers’emotional problems.
C.provides a new insight into adolescence.
D.highlights negative adolescent behavior.
【37】C.provides a new insight into adolescence.解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問Crone的研究如何，根據(jù)關鍵詞Crone’s study回到原文中定位，文中提到：“這項研究是對青春期思考的新浪潮的一部分。很長一段時間以來，科學家和政策制定者都認為青少年是一個需要解決的問題。這項新研究強調，青春期是一個充滿機遇和風險的時期。”(The study is part of a new wave of thinking about adolescence.For a long time,scientists and policy makers concentrated on the idea that teenagers were a problem that needed to be solved.The new work emphasizes that adolescence is a time of opportunity as well as risk.)所以Crone的研究和以往對于青春期的思考不一樣，即為青春期提供了一個新的見解。
38.What does Crone’s study find about prosocial behavior?
A.It results from the wish to cooperate.
B.It is cultivated through education.
C.It is subject to family influence.
D.It tends to peak in adolescence.
【38】D.It tends to peak in adolescence.解析：該題為細節(jié)題，問關于親社會的行為，Crone的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么，根據(jù)關鍵詞Crone’s study，prosocial behavior回到原文中定位，文中提到：“有趣的是，這項新研究表明，親社會行為也存在同樣的模式。青少年比年幼的兒童或成年人更有可能報告他們做過無私地幫助朋友等事情。”(the new study shows that,interestingly,the same pattern holds for prosocial behavior.Teenagers were more likely than younger children or adults to report that they did things like unselfishly help a friend.)所以相比幼童和成人，青少年更容易做出親社會的行為，即親社會的行為往往在青春期達到頂峰。
39.It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that teenagers
A.overstress their influence on others.
B.care a lot about social recognition.
C.become anxious about their future.
D.endeavor to live a joyful life.
【39】B.care a lot about social recognition.解析：該題為推理題，問青少年如何，文中提到：“青少年對社會獎勵特別敏感——贏得比賽，給新朋友留下深刻印象，讓那個男孩注意到你。”(Teenagers are particularly sensitive to social rewards—winning the game,impressing a new friend,getting that boy to notice you.)這些都是說青少年在乎社會獎勵，即社會認可。
40.What is the text mainly about?
A.Why teenagers are self-contradictory.
B.Why teenagers are sensitive.
C.How teenagers develop prosociality.
D.How teenagers become independent.
【40】A.Why teenagers are self-contradictory.解析：該題為主旨題，第一段開頭提到青少年是矛盾的，中間部分通過實驗研究發(fā)現(xiàn)主要討論青少年自相矛盾的表現(xiàn)，最后部分探討了青少年自相矛盾產生的原因。所以這篇文章主要討論了青少年為什么是自相矛盾的。
Part B
Directions:
Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
New building regulations aimed at improving energy efficiency are set to increase the price of new homes,as well as those of extensions and loft conversions on existing ones.
The rules,which came into effect on Wednesday in England,are part of government plans to reduce the UK’s carbon emissions to net zero by 2050.They set new standards for ventilation,energy efficiency and heating,and state that new residential buildings must have charging points for electric vehicles.
The moves are the most significant change to building regulations in years,and industry experts say they will inevitably lead to higher prices at a time when a shortage of materials and high labour costs is already driving up bills.
Brian Berry,chief executive of the Federation of Master Builders,a trade group for small and medium-sized builders,says the measures will require new materials,testing methods,products and systems to be installed.“All this comes at an increased cost during a time when prices are already sky high.Inevitably,consumers will have to pay more,”he says.
Gareth Belsham,of surveyors Naismiths,says people who are upgrading,or extending their home,will be directly affected.
“The biggest changes relate to heating and insulation,”he says.“There are new rules concerning the amount of glazing used in extensions,and any new windows or doors must be highly insulated.”
The changes could mean an extra£3,000 added to the bill of an average home extension,according to Jonathan Rolande of the National Association of Property Buyers,a group of professionals aimed at raising construction standards.
Homeowners extending may see the amount of space they have decrease,as walls will have to be thicker in order to comply with requirements for better insulation.
Andrew Mellor,of PRP architects,says external walls will need to be about 7cm thicker than previously.
Windows and doors will have to adhere to higher standards,while there are new limits on the amount of glazing you can have to reduce unwanted heat from the sun.
Thomas Goodman,of MyJobQuote,a site which sources quotes,says this will bring in new restrictions for extensions.
“Glazing on windows,doors and roof lights must cover no more than 25%of the floor area to prevent heat loss,”he says.
As properties become more airtight,there are also measures to ensure proper airflow,such as having small openings(trickle vents)on windows that allow ventilation when a window is closed.
For people extending their homes,they may be required to install a new,or replacement,heating system depending on the size of the build,says Belsham.These will have to use lower temperature water to deliver the same heat,which will require increased insulation of pipes.
“We’ll see more insulation,better lighting design and restrictions on the amount of glass used in some areas.But with more thermal-efficient homes can come the risk of overheating due to solar gain,and so ventilation is also covered,”says Rolande.“As a result,double-glazed windows will require trickle vents to let heat escape and also to provide fresh air for health reasons and,of course,to reduce the risk of condensation build up in an ever-more airtight property.”
As the rules came into effect last Wednesday,property developers were rushing to file plans just before the deadline,according to Belsham.Any plans submitted before that date are considered to be under the previous rules,and can go ahead as long as work starts before 15 June next year.
An average extension will probably see around£3,000 additional cost thanks to the new regs
Builders which have costed projects,but have not filed the paperwork,may need to go back and submit fresh estimates,says Marcus Jefford of Build Aviator,which prices projects.
As the changes are aimed to make homes more energy efficient,they will eventually drive down heating bills.But in the short-term homeowners are likely to face higher costs for work.
Materials prices are already up 25%in the last two years,according to figures from the Construction Products Association.
How much overall prices will increase as a result of the rule changes is not clear.“While admirable in their intentions,they will add to the cost of housebuilding at a time when many already feel that they are priced out of homeownership,”says Rolande.“An average extension will probably see around£3,000 additional cost thanks to the new regs.”
John Kelly,a construction lawyer at Freeths law firm,believes prices will eventually come down.But not in the immediate future.“As the marketplace adapts to the new requirements,and the technologies that support them,the scaling up of these technologies will eventually bring costs down,but in the short term,we will all have to pay the price of the necessary transition,”he says.
However,the long-term effects of the changes will be more comfortable and energy-efficient homes,adds Mellor.“Homeowners will probably recoup that cost over time in energy bill savings.It will obviously be very volatile at the moment,but they will have that benefit over time.”
|
[A] The rise of home prices is a temporary matter. |
|
| 41. Brain Berry | [B] Builders possibly need to submit new estimates of their projects. |
| 42. Gareth Belsham | [C] There will be specific limits on home extensions to prevent heat loss. |
| 43. Marcus Jefford | [D] The new rules will take home prices to an even higher level. |
| 44. John Kelly | [E] Many people feel that home prices are already beyond what they can afford. |
| 45. Andrew Mellor | [F] The new rules will affect people whose home extensions include new windows or doors. |
| [G] The rule changes will benefit homeowners eventually. |
Section III Translation
【46】
In the late 18th century,William Wordsworth became famous for his poems about nature.And he was one of the founders of a movement called Romanticism,which celebrated the wonders of the natural world.
Poetry is powerful.Its energy and rhythm can capture a reader,transport them to another world and make then see things differently.Through carefully selected words and phrases,poems can be dramatic,funny,beautiful,moving and inspiring.
No one knows for sure when poetry began but it has been around for thousands of years,even before people could write.It was a way to tell stories and pass down history.It is closely related to song and even when written it is usually created to be performed out loud.Poems really come to life when they ave recited.This can also help with understanding them too,because the rhythm and sounds of the words become clearer.
第一段簡單介紹了一下威廉·華茲華斯以及引出話題詩歌。
18世紀晚期，威廉·華茲華斯因其關于自然的詩歌而聞名。他是浪漫主義運動的創(chuàng)始人之一，該運動頌揚自然世界的奇跡。
第二段概說詩歌的作用。
詩歌是有力量的。它的能量和節(jié)奏可以吸引讀者，將讀者帶到另一個世界，讓他們以不同的方式看待事物。通過精心挑選的詞語和短語，詩歌可以是戲劇性的、有趣的、美麗的、動人的和鼓舞人心的。
第三段概說詩歌的來源。
沒有人確切地知道詩歌是什么時候開始的，但它已經存在了數(shù)千年，甚至在人們會寫字之前。這是一種講述故事和傳承歷史的方式。它與歌曲密切相關，即使是寫出來的，也通常是為了大聲表演而創(chuàng)作的。當詩歌被朗誦出來時，才真正活起來。因為朗誦出來，單詞的節(jié)奏和發(fā)音變得更加清晰，所以這也有助于人們理解詩歌。
Section IV Writing
Part A
【47】Directions:
An art exhibition and a robot show are to be held on Sunday,and your friend David asks you which one he should go to.
Write him an email to
1)make a suggestion,and
2)give your reason(s)
You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name.Use“Li Ming”instead.(10 points)
Part B
【48】In your essay,you should describe the picture briefly,interpret the implied meaning and give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)
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