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2016年考研英語(yǔ)真題一答案解析

來(lái)源:高頓考研 liuhuimin 2022-10-31
  考研倒計(jì)時(shí),準(zhǔn)備報(bào)考碩士研究生考試的考生注意,凡是與學(xué)術(shù)相關(guān)的專(zhuān)業(yè)均需要考英語(yǔ)一,詞量也越大,建議多刷題,現(xiàn)在是考研英語(yǔ)一真題一答案,大家快來(lái)看一看自己的答案對(duì)了多少,查看一下。
2016考研英語(yǔ)真題
  2016考研英語(yǔ)真題一答案
  1、A what本句的句意是:這就是加利福尼亞大學(xué)和耶魯大學(xué)在美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院報(bào)告上聯(lián)合發(fā)表的研究成果。第一個(gè)空考察表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。
  2、B concluded本句的句意是:這就是加利福尼亞大學(xué)和耶魯大學(xué)在美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院,報(bào)告上聯(lián)合發(fā)表的研究成果。第二個(gè)空為針對(duì)從句謂語(yǔ)進(jìn)行的詞義考察。
  3、D on本句前半句的句意是:這項(xiàng)研究是一個(gè)基于1個(gè)獨(dú)特個(gè)體的基因組廣譜分析??疾霤onduct on詞組,進(jìn)行。從句意為:它對(duì)成對(duì)兒的非親緣朋友和陌生人進(jìn)行比較。
  4、C compared比較,根據(jù)上下文及后一句的same知道,比較為最佳。
  5、C samples詞義題,樣本,C為最佳選項(xiàng)。
  6、A insignificant詞義題,1%,以及后面的not so轉(zhuǎn)折,判斷,A insignificant不顯著,為最佳選項(xiàng)。
  7、C know句意為:一些人雖然并不認(rèn)識(shí)他們第四代的表親,但他們選擇的朋友卻和這些親戚頗有相似之處。
  8、D resemble詞義題,和上一個(gè)空形成轉(zhuǎn)折。
  9、B also上下文邏輯題,發(fā)現(xiàn)了,還發(fā)現(xiàn)了。Also為最佳選項(xiàng)。
  10、D Perhaps結(jié)合上下文:這一現(xiàn)象很難解釋?zhuān)竺娼釉颍?ldquo;可能”是……最符合文章大意。
  11、B to介詞題,意為:就像這個(gè)科研團(tuán)隊(duì)所發(fā)現(xiàn)的,這個(gè)因素不僅把我們帶到詳細(xì)的環(huán)境中來(lái),更有一些深層次的影響。
  12、D drive詞義題,根據(jù)上下文,對(duì)我們產(chǎn)生影響,驅(qū)使我們……drive為最佳選項(xiàng)。
  13、B rather than邏輯題,基因上相似的,功能上相似的,二者對(duì)立不能同時(shí)存在,rather than不是…而是最符合。
  14、C benefits跟“功能”搭配,選個(gè)褒義詞,帶來(lái)好處的,最佳。
  15、A faster詞義題,根據(jù)后半句解釋?zhuān)@就是為什么“picked pace”加速,這里只能選faster,一些比另外一些進(jìn)化得更快,符合文意。
  16、D understand詞義題,這個(gè)研究可以幫助我們理解一個(gè)事實(shí)。
  17、B contributory本句意為:社會(huì)環(huán)境是最主要的一個(gè)因素。Contributory貢獻(xiàn),最佳。
  18、A tendency結(jié)合文章主旨,選擇基因相似的人做朋友是普遍現(xiàn)象,tendency趨勢(shì)傾向最符合。
  19、C ethnic同義替換,基因背景相似,種族的,民族的,最符合。
  20、A see本句意為:盡管所有的研究對(duì)象都取自歐洲血統(tǒng),研究者也花心思確保了所有(用于比對(duì)的)朋友和陌生人也源自該血統(tǒng)中的同一支系。
  解析:
  21 D ended his reign in embarrassment此題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞King Juan Carlos of Spain定位到第一段第一和第二句。But embarrassingscandals…have forced him to eat his words and stand down.此處stand down譯為放棄席位。因此D ended his reign in embarrassment是原文內(nèi)容的同義替換。
  22 A owing to their undoubted and respectable status
  此題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段第一句it is this apparent…that explains…as heads of state。和第三句But unlike their absolutist…most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for...respected public figure.絕大多數(shù)皇室家族使得選民避免了尋找受人尊敬的公眾人物的麻煩。因此A owing to their undoubted and respectable status是原文內(nèi)容的同義替換。
  23 B the role of the nobility in modern democracies
  此題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第四段最后一句話…it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states
  奇怪的是有錢(qián)的貴族家庭仍然處于現(xiàn)代民主國(guó)家的核心地位。因此B the role of the nobility in modern democracies是原文內(nèi)容的同義替換。
  24 B fails to change his lifestyle as advised此題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞”have most of fear”定位到第六段,Charles定位到最后一段的地二句Charles
  后面who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and…world因此B fails tochange his lifestyle as advised是原文內(nèi)容的同義替換。
  25 C Carlos,a Lesson for All European Monarchs此題屬于全文主旨題。著眼全文,通篇都在圍繞monarchs展開(kāi)。第一段由Carlos引出當(dāng)今君主制面臨的危機(jī)。因此Carlos,a Lesson for All European Monarchs是全文內(nèi)容的精確概括。
  26
  答案
  B check suspects’phone contents without being authorized
  解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)自然段定位原則,定位到首段。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞supreme court,whether精確定位到第一段最后一句whether policecan search the contents of a mobile phone
  ….,與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對(duì)應(yīng),即為B在不授權(quán)的情況下檢查嫌疑人的電話信息。注意A選項(xiàng)應(yīng)是search contents。
  27
  答案
  C disapproval
  解析:態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干California’s argument定位到第二段最后一句及第三段首句,這些句子中提到hard…recklesslymodest…等負(fù)向詞,表達(dá)的是負(fù)面態(tài)度??催x項(xiàng)屬于負(fù)面的就是disapproval。A容忍,B冷漠是典型錯(cuò)誤,D粗心。
  28
  答案A getting into one’s residence
  解析:
  細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問(wèn):作者認(rèn)為搜索電話薄就相當(dāng)于什么?根據(jù)段落界定原則定位到第四段轉(zhuǎn)折處,提到But exploring one’s smart phone is more like entering his or her home。
  與選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng),A中的residence對(duì)應(yīng)home,是原文的同意替換。注意D選項(xiàng)不是作者的觀點(diǎn),不能將文中人物觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)作作者觀點(diǎn)。
  29
  答案
  D citizens’privacy is not effective protected
  解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到5段和6段,題干問(wèn)作者最關(guān)注的是什么,即是相應(yīng)段落的段落中心。因此,該題表面是細(xì)節(jié)題,實(shí)質(zhì)為段落核心。5段首句為中心句提到,應(yīng)采取措施保護(hù)數(shù)據(jù)隱私;6段又繼續(xù)陳述原則的不恰當(dāng)之處。根據(jù)這些內(nèi)容,對(duì)應(yīng)答案D市民隱私未能得到有效保護(hù)。
  30
  答案 B New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution
  解析:
  例證題。題干問(wèn)的是引用Orin Kerr的目的是什么,即Orin Kerr是論據(jù),其目的是論點(diǎn)。論點(diǎn)往往在論據(jù)的前面,所以要找例子前面的一句話,即New,disruptivetechnology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections。與選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng),就是B new technology是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),require等同于demands,reinterpretation ofthe Constitution同義替換applications of the Constitution’s protections。
  31.
  答案 B journals are strengthening their statistical checks段落推斷題考查的是段落中心句,定位在首段首句The journal Science is adding an extra source at Peer-review process,editor-in-chief Marcia McNott announced today.《科學(xué)》雜志將要對(duì)同行評(píng)審過(guò)程增加額外的資源。與選項(xiàng)B同意替換。
  32.
  答案 C marked
  詞義句意題根據(jù)所猜短語(yǔ)flagged up所在句子的句意,手稿將被flagged up以供雜志編輯、現(xiàn)有的編輯評(píng)審委員會(huì)或外部同行審查。比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng),只有C marked被標(biāo)記,符合題意。
  33.
  答案D set an example for other journals
  觀點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)題定位在四段末句This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself,but hopefully through a larger group
  of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.
  這不僅對(duì)于《科學(xué)》雜志本身的出版有影響,還有希望影響其它的出版社,這些出版社想繼《科學(xué)》雜志之后樹(shù)立自己的典型形象。選項(xiàng)D是這句話的概括總結(jié)。
  34.
  答案
  D has room for further improvement
  觀點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)題定位在末段末句,Vaux saysthat Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit,but a weakness isthat..。.”Vaux認(rèn)為《科學(xué)》雜志的想法有一些好處,但是有個(gè)缺點(diǎn)是..。.這就說(shuō)明這個(gè)想法是有進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)的空間的。
  35.
  答案
  A Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers主旨大意題本文首段首句就是全文主題句,《科學(xué)》雜志將要對(duì)同行評(píng)審過(guò)程增加額外的資源,而且全文其它各個(gè)段落都在圍繞對(duì)這一想法不同專(zhuān)家的不同態(tài)度在論述,所以選項(xiàng)A是對(duì)全文中心的完整表達(dá)。
  36.
  答案
  A.The consequences of the current sorting mechanism.
  因果細(xì)節(jié)題題目問(wèn)到Elisbeth因什么而感到沮喪。定位在第一段第二句Intergrity had collapsed,...,because of acollective acceptance that the only
  “sorting mechanism”in society should be profit and themarket,由于社會(huì)中唯一的分類(lèi)機(jī)制是利潤(rùn)和市場(chǎng)這一共同的觀念,導(dǎo)致了正直這種道德
  品質(zhì)的淪喪。
  37.
  答案
  B more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking
  段落推斷題定位到第三段第一句As the hacking trial concludes....the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands正如竊聽(tīng)案總結(jié)的那樣,
  仍然存在更廣泛的dearth of integrity的事件,與選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)。
  38.
  答案
  C was hardly convincing
  觀點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)題根據(jù)第四段第二句中astonishing,howlittle...,how little...She never...以及第三句中She knew nothing的語(yǔ)氣判斷作者的態(tài)度是認(rèn)
  為RB的辯護(hù)是沒(méi)有說(shuō)服力的。
  39.
  答案
  A generally distorted values觀點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)題題干定位在第五段第三句,答案定位在隨后的第四、第五句。The current collective doctrine
  認(rèn)為重要的是efficiency,flexibility,shareholder value....,而認(rèn)為justice,fairness..。
  .不重要,故扭曲了價(jià)值觀。
  40.
  答案是
  C moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.
  段落推斷題
  定位在最后一段前兩句。世界新聞雜志的目的不是提升讀者的理解能力。。。。而是為了發(fā)行量和影響力而毀了人們的生活。從ruined the lives的表達(dá)能看出作者希望雜志所做的是提高其道德意識(shí),與C選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)。
  41
  【C】
  解析:
  41段中空,所以要看上句??涨芭c空后句中的主語(yǔ)是you,因此正確選項(xiàng)在C、D中存在,此其一也;D中出現(xiàn)了reconstruct(重組)邏輯上是再次發(fā)生,與位于句首的邏輯發(fā)生了敘述上的矛盾。故排除D選擇C。另外,C中的words or idioms和meanings在41空前句重現(xiàn),因?yàn)榍熬渲杏衖dentifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them。
  42
  【E】
  解析:
  42段尾空,所以看上一句話??涨耙痪渲械闹髡Z(yǔ)是you,因此正確選項(xiàng)在C、D、E中存在,此其一也;其二,該句中主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是infer,與E中的賓語(yǔ)inferences構(gòu)成邏
  輯對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。故排除C和D選擇E。另外,42空前兩句提到了閱讀時(shí)我們會(huì)active engagement
  in inference and problem-solving,并針對(duì)作者文中的specific evidence and clues進(jìn)行信息的推測(cè)。E選項(xiàng)中further一詞表明延續(xù)此話題,用for instance具體舉例說(shuō)明我們對(duì)文章信息作怎么樣的推測(cè)。
  43
  【G】
  解析:
  43段尾空,應(yīng)重點(diǎn)看本段上一句。同時(shí)下段開(kāi)頭出現(xiàn)了代詞such background,而G中最后一句中的background與之形成邏輯對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。故選擇G。
  另外,G中Rather表示轉(zhuǎn)折,與43空前句開(kāi)頭的not構(gòu)成“not…rather…”的“不是……而是……”結(jié)構(gòu)
  44
  【B】
  解析:
  44段中空,看上下句。此段空前句中有關(guān)鍵詞background,空后句中有關(guān)鍵詞interpretation;background邏輯上對(duì)應(yīng)G中最后一句中的background,而interpretation邏輯對(duì)應(yīng)B中最后一句中的interpretations.故選擇B。另外,B中Factors such as the place andperiod in which we are reading,our gender,ethnicity,age and social class是44空前who we are的具體闡述。
  45
  【A】
  解析:
  45段中空,看上下句。最后一段首句主語(yǔ)是we,所有選項(xiàng)中只有A和G的主語(yǔ)是we;但是G中首詞是轉(zhuǎn)折詞Rather,與首句邏輯矛盾,故排除G選擇A。另外,
  A中具體描述了許多不同的閱讀目的和方式,此為對(duì)45空前句How we read a given text和our particular interest in reading it
  的具體闡述。A中的信息是45空后句such dimensions of reading的指代對(duì)象。
  46)This movement,driven by powerful motivations,built a nation out of a wilderness and,
  by its nature,shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent
  。
  【參考譯文】在多種強(qiáng)大的動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)下,
  這次移民[微博]在一片荒野上建起了一個(gè)國(guó)家,其本身塑造了一個(gè)未知大陸的性格和命運(yùn)。
  47)
  The United
  States is the product of two principal forces——the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas,customs,and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits。
  【參考譯文】美國(guó)產(chǎn)生于兩個(gè)主要力量:思想習(xí)俗、民族特色各異的歐洲移民,以及修改這些特征的新國(guó)家所產(chǎn)生的影響。
  48)But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America,the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another,and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw,new continent caused significant changes。
  【參考譯文】但是,美國(guó)擁有獨(dú)特的地理?xiàng)l件,不同民族之間產(chǎn)生了相互的作用,因此,在一片原始新大陸上,維護(hù)舊大陸方式產(chǎn)生了純粹的困難,這一切引發(fā)了重大的變化。
  49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States
  crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the fifteenth-and sixteenth-century explorations of North America。
  【參考譯文】在15-16世紀(jì)北美探索的一百多年之后,運(yùn)往如今的美國(guó)這片新領(lǐng)土的第一船移民橫渡了大西洋。
  50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia。
  【參考譯文】擁有豐富多樣樹(shù)種的原始森林是一個(gè)真正的寶庫(kù),它從緬因州一直延伸到喬治亞州。
  PartA
  Dear friends,I am writing to tell you about a fantastic book I have just read,as we always share the same taste of books。
  The book is called Journey to the West,which tells us a story that four monks conquered multiple handicaps to achieve their final destination.Besides the touching and thrilling plot,the book also features humorous languages,thanks to the talented author。So I recommend it to all of you as one of the favorite books that I have ever read.I am sure
  you will love it as much as I do.I am looking forward to discussing more with you after you read it。
  Yours sincerely,Li Ming PartB A group of friends,boys or girls,are having a dinner party while each one of them is checking
  messages in their mobile phones without saying a word to one another,leaving the dishes untouched.We are informed that this is a gathering in the era of mobile phone。
  The above picture unveils a common social phenomenon and the symbolic meaning of the photo is the effect of the mobile phone on people’s way of life.Undoubtedly,the phone provides us with considerable convenience,making many things possible which are beyond our dreams.As a communication tool,the phone makes us closer than ever before by providing immediate communication.Meanwhile,there are negative effects on our personal life.As is shown in the picture,people are imprisoned in their own world!They choose contacting online rather than communicating face to face。
  Accordingly,enjoying the convenience provided by the phones,we should bear in mind that human beings are social beings who need real interpersonal interactions!Joint efforts are needed
  to ensure people to have face-to-face communication!I believe a harmonious relationship between friends is awaiting us if we set aside our mobile phones and enjoy the untouched meal!
  以上就是學(xué)姐為大家整理的【2017考研英語(yǔ)一真題答案及其解析】的全部?jī)?nèi)容!想了解更多與考研相關(guān)的信息,還可關(guān)注關(guān)注高頓考研官網(wǎng),內(nèi)含大量考研資料和信息,也提前預(yù)祝大家考研成功。
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